ZooKeeper
ZooKeeper 是一个分布式的,开放源码的分布式应用程序协调服务。它是一个为分布式应用提供一致性服务的软件,提供的功能包括:配置维护、域名服务、分布式同步、组服务等。
Dubbo
Dubbo是Alibaba开源的分布式服务框架,它最大的特点是按照分层的方式来架构,使用这种方式可以使各个层之间解耦合(或者最大限度地松耦合)。从服务模型的角度来看,Dubbo采用的是一种非常简单的模型,要么是提供方提供服务,要么是消费方消费服务,所以基于这一点可以抽象出服务提供方(Provider)和服务消费方(Consumer)两个角色。
docker run --name some-zookeeper -p 2181:2181 --restart always -d zookeeper
<!-- Dubbo Spring Boot Starter -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.dubbo</groupId>
<artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>2.7.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-framework</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.curator</groupId>
<artifactId>curator-recipes</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
dubbo.application.name=provider
dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://10.211.55.6:2181
dubbo.scan.base-packages=top.wu.providerticket.service
@EnableDubbo
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProviderTicketApplication {
@Component
@DubboService //发布服务
public class TicketServiceImpl implements TicketService {
@Override
public String getTicket() {
return "《2077》";
}
}
dubbo.application.name=consumer
dubbo.registry.address=zookeeper://10.211.55.6:2181
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@DubboReference
TicketService ticketService;
@Override
public void hello() {
String ticket = ticketService.getTicket();
System.out.println(ticket);
}
}
pring Cloud是一个分布式的整体解决方案。Spring Cloud 为开发者提供了在分布式系统(配置管理,服务发现,熔断,路由,微代理,控制总线,一次性token,全局琐,leader选举,分布式session,集群状态)中快速构建的工具,使用Spring Cloud的开发者可以快速的启动服务或构建应用、同时能够快速和云平台资源进行对接。
SpringCloud分布式开发五大常用组件
注意SpringBoot和SpringCloud之间的版本对应
<properties>
<spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0-M6</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-server</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
配置
server:
port: 8761
eureka:
instance:
hostname: eureka-server #eureka实例的主机名
client:
register-with-eureka: false #不把自己本身也注册在注册中心中,不使用高可用的话就设置为false
fetch-registry: false #不从eureka上来获取服务的注册信息
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
启动注解方式的eureka
@EnableEurekaServer
@SpringBootApplication
public class EurakeServerApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurakeServerApplication.class, args);
}
}
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<spring-cloud.version>2020.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<dependencyManagement>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</dependencyManagement>
server:
port: 8001
spring:
application:
name: provider-ticket
eureka:
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true #注册服务的时候使用服务的ip地址
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
@RestController
public class TicketController {
@Autowired
TicketService ticketService;
@GetMapping("/ticket")
public String getTicket() {
String ticket = ticketService.getTicket();
return ticket;
}
}
@Service //正常的web注解
public class TicketService {
public String getTicket() {
return "《南方车站》";
}
}
依赖跟提供者一致
配置
server:
port: 8002
spring:
application:
name: consumer-user
eureka:
instance:
prefer-ip-address: true #注册服务的时候使用服务的ip地址
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka
开启发现服务功能
@EnableDiscoveryClient //开启发现服务功能
@SpringBootApplication
public class ConsumerUserApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(ConsumerUserApplication.class, args);
}
@LoadBalanced //使用负载均衡机制
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate() { //可以用来进行http远程请求
return new RestTemplate();
}
}
@RestController
public class UserController {
@Autowired
RestTemplate restTemplate;
@GetMapping("/buy")
public String buyTicket(String name) {
String forObject = restTemplate.getForObject("http://PROVIDER-TICKET/ticket", String.class); //进行远程调用,第二个参数表示返回类型
return name+"购买了"+forObject;
}
}